![]() Even a simple harmonograph as described can create ellipses, spirals, figure eights and other Lissajous figures. By varying the frequency and phase of the pendulums relative to one another, different patterns are created. ![]() One pendulum moves the pen back and forth along one axis, and the other pendulum moves the drawing surface back and forth along a perpendicular axis. Ī simple, so-called "lateral" harmonograph uses two pendulums to control the movement of a pen relative to a drawing surface. The devices, which began to appear in the mid-19th century and peaked in popularity in the 1890s, cannot be conclusively attributed to a single person, although Hugh Blackburn, a professor of mathematics at the University of Glasgow, is commonly believed to be the official inventor. The drawings created typically are Lissajous curves or related drawings of greater complexity. ![]() A harmonograph is a mechanical apparatus that employs pendulums to create a geometric image.
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